Cov khoom tseem ceeb ntawm iav yog silicate

Lub ntsiab ntawm cov iav yog silicate, suav nrog Na2SiO3, CaSiO3, SiO2 thiab lwm yam.
Ordinary iav feem ntau yog silicate [Na2SiO3, CaSiO3, SiO2 los yog Na2O·CaO·6SiO2], tsuas yog ntshiab quartz iav [optical fiber] muaj pes tsawg leeg silica (SiO2). Muaj ntau cov iav fiber ntau ntxiv rau lub teeb pom kev zoo, xws li hluav taws xob fibers, siab modulus fibers, tshuaj resistant fibers, thiab lwm yam. Main: tempered iav (ib yam muaj pes tsawg leeg zoo tib yam iav) potassium iav (K2O, CaO, SiO2) borate iav ( SiO2, B2O3) xim iav (cov txheej txheem iav tsim los ntxiv qee cov hlau oxides. Cu2O -- liab; CuO - xiav ntsuab; CdO - ntiav **; hloov iav (qib xim xim iav nrog oxides ntawm lub ntiaj teb tsis tshua muaj xim raws li cov xim) Kho qhov muag iav (ntxiv cov khoom me me ntawm lub teeb, xws li AgCl, AgBr, thiab lwm yam., rau cov khoom siv iav borosilicate zoo tib yam, thiab tom qab ntawd ntxiv cov tshuaj sensitizing tsawg heev, xws li CuO, thiab lwm yam.) Ua kom lub iav ntau dua rau lub teeb) Zaj sawv iav (ua los ntawm kev ntxiv ntau cov tshuaj fluoride, me me ntawm sensitizer. thiab bromide hauv cov khoom siv iav zoo tib yam) cov iav tiv thaiv (ntxiv cov ntaub ntawv tsim nyog hauv cov txheej txheem iav zoo tib yam, kom nws muaj kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev tiv thaiv lub teeb muaj zog, muaj zog cua sov lossis hluav taws xob. los ntawm thiab tiv thaiv tus kheej kev nyab xeeb. Xws li grey - dichromate, hlau oxide absorbs ultraviolet lub teeb thiab ib feem ntawm lub teeb pom kev; Xiav-ntsuab - npib tsib xee thiab ferrous oxide nqus infrared thiab qee lub teeb pom kev; Lead iav - lead oxide absorbs X-rays thiab r rays; Tsaus xiav - dichromate, ferrous oxide, thiab hlau oxide nqus ultraviolet, infrared, thiab pom lub teeb pom kev zoo tshaj plaws; Ntxiv cadmium oxide thiab boron oxide kom nqus cov neutron flow iav fibers (fibers rub los yog tshuab los ntawm molten iav nrog ib txoj kab uas hla ntawm ob peb mus rau ob peb txhiab micrometers), tib yam li iav) iav filament (ie, iav fiber ntau ntev) iav steel ( Cov yas muaj zog nrog lub zog zoo ib yam li cov hlau tau los ntawm kev sib txuas ntawm epoxy resin nrog iav fiber) cellophane (pob tshab cellulose zaj duab xis ua los ntawm cov tshuaj viscose) Dej iav (Na2SiO3) aqueous tov, muaj npe rau qee qhov sib xyaw ua ke xws li iav zoo tib yam) Hlau iav (iav hlau, Fluorite (fluorspar) (tsis muaj xim thiab pob tshab CaF2, siv los ua lub ntsej muag thiab lub teeb iav hauv cov khoom siv kho qhov muag) plexiglass (polymethyl methacrylate).